Are We Ready for the Rising Silent Epidemic of Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Non-Communicable Disease in Ethiopia?

نویسنده

  • Tefera Belachew
چکیده

Since recently, the burden of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) is emerging alarmingly in low income countries. Metabolic syndrome is defined as the presence of three or more of the following components: central obesity, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting blood glucose level and low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). This has led to an increase in the global prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases, with the majority of the growth occurring in developing countries (2). The most important risk factors include: smoking, severe stress related problems of poverty, increasing urbanization, westernization of lifestyle including unhealthy diet and physical inactivity (3). Due to these factors and the effect of globalization, over nutrition increasing on top of the already high prevalence of under nutrition leading to a double burden of diseases in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) (4). In SSA, although infectious diseases cause the majority of mortality (69%); while CNCDs contribute around one fourth of deaths (5), this scenario is changing as the region is undergoing an epidemiological transition with a rapidly increasing burden of mortality and morbidity from CNCDs. It is projected that in 2030, CNCDs will surpass infectious diseases in SSA (2). The impact double burden of morbidities in SSA is likely to be far-reaching. As the prevalence of CNCDs is increasing, the interface between CNCDs and infectious diseases is becoming apparent demanding for intervention strategies that can address both problems. For instance, an increasing prevalence of diabetes may interfere with tuberculosis control program, increasing the number of susceptible individuals in populations where tuberculosis is endemic, making successful treatment challenging (4). On the other hand, the high prevalence of HIV infection in developing countries and concomitant anti-retroviral therapy is associated with an upsurge of metabolic syndrome (6). Evidences show that Ethiopia the burden of metabolic syndrome and mortality from CNCDs that are linked to life styles changes is increasing. In Addis Ababa, the prevalence of MetS was 14.0% in men and 24.0% in women (7). This situation is even worst among people leaving with HIV/AIDS with the prevalence of MetS being 25% in the ART groups compared to 22% in ART naïve group (8). Individual components of MetS are also prevalent among an apparently healthy working population in Ethiopia (9-10). The overall prevalence of diabetes was 6.5%, while it was 6.4% and 6.6% among men and women, respectively (10). Similarly, 31.5% of men and 28.9% of women in Ethiopia had high …

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عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 25  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015